Health FAQs
What are Amino acids?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Most can be made by the body itself, but some must be absorbed through the diet, the so-called essential amino acids
What are Antioxidants?
Antioxidants are substances that protect the body from harmful substances, called free radicals.
What are Bioactive substances?
Bioactive substances are substances that have a biological (or physiological) activity or function. It usually involves the group of substances that occur naturally in products or are artificially added to foods or supplements and have a ‘health-promoting’ effect for humans, but are not essential.
What is BMI?
BMI index (Body Mass Index), is the number of kilograms divided by the number of meters of height and meters and is commonly used in the international measurement for healthy body weight standard.BMI = body weight (in kg)/length2 (in meters). For example, a person of 1.75 meters with a weight of 75 kg, has a BMI of 75/(1.75*1.75) = 24.5.
What are Carotenoids?
Carotenoids are bioactive substances. They have an antioxidant effect. Carotenoids are found in many types of fruits and vegetables. There are more than 500 variants including beta-carotene, lutein and lycopene.
What is Protein metabolism?
Protein metabolism refers to the whole of biochemical processes involved in the formation and breakdown of amino acids and proteins.
What are Enzymes?
Enzymes are proteins found in every living cell. They make all kinds of conversions and reactions in the body possible and make them run efficiently. Examples of reactions involving enzymes include the breakdown of sugars and fats in the gut, energy production and the production of new cells.
What are Functional foods?
Functional foods are foods that may contain health-promoting ingredients. Often these are foods with an extra addition and dietary supplements. In all cases, the product contains a possible health-promoting ingredient. The health-promoting components can naturally already be present in the product, or be added during production. Often these are ingredients that are already present naturally, but whose concentration has been increased by additional addition. A component can also be added, which would not normally be included in the product.
What is Phytic acid?
Phytic acid is used in some plant-based food products, especially in whole grains, beans and peas. Phytic acid has the property of binding to minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc. Insoluble components are formed that are not absorbed into the intestine. These components then leave the body through the stool.
What is Homocysteine?
Homocysteine is an amino acid that is in the blood. The substance is produced in the body during the build-up and breakdown of proteins. Increased homocysteine levels in the blood are a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and strokes.
What are Nitrosamines?
Under certain circumstances, nitrite in the body is partially transformed into nitrosamines. This is mainly due to a reaction with proteins. Nitrosamines are harmful to the body because they can be carcinogenic. Vitamin C in the meal, for example from fruit or vegetables, limits the formation of nitrosamines, but cannot occur entirely.
What is Obesity?
According to the World Health Organisation’s definition, adults are obese (severely overweight) with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or more. A BMI value between 25 and 30 kg/m2 is considered overweight.
What is Oxalic acid?
Oxalic acid is a chemical compound found in vegetables such as spinach and rhubarb. In the stomach, oxalic acid can form insoluble components with minerals and trace elements. These components cannot be absorbed into the intestine and they leave the body through the stool.
What is Oxidative damage?
Oxidative damage, also called oxidation, is damage caused by oxygen. It is a chemical reaction, similar to rusting metal or browning peeled fruit.
What are Pro-vitamins?
Pro-vitamins are substances that the body can convert into vitamins. The most important is beta-carotene. This substance can be converted into vitamin A, and is therefore called provitamin A. Provitamin D can be converted into vitamin D in the skin under the influence of sunlight. From the amino acid tryptophan, the body can make vitamin B3.
What are Fortified foods?
Fortified foods are sometimes also called vitamin foods or enriched foods. Nutrients are added to increase health benefits. Examples are cornflakes or dairy products with extra vitamins or minerals.
What is a Vaccine?
Vaccines are an antigenic ingredient used to produce active immunity against an illness so as to prevent the influence of infection by natural or wild organisms. Vaccines are a remedy to protect people from serious and potentially lethal illness. However, unlike most medications that treat or heal the disease, vaccines prevent it. According to the World Health Organization, vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent illness. Administering vaccines can help the immune system to recognize and fight against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, which then make a person safe from the disease.
What are Vitamins?
Vitamins are an organic molecule or a collection of related molecules, containing the essential micronutrients that humans need, in small quantities to ensure the operation of the metabolism goes smoothly. These essential nutrients to the body cannot synthesize themselves, or do not synthesize adequate amounts of supply and must be supplied through the diet. Vitamins do not include 3 groups of other essential nutrients: minerals, fatty acids and essential amino acids.
What are the functions of Vitamins?
As one of the essential components that make up cells, it is necessary for the development and maintenance of the life of cells.Involved in the metabolism of substances.Strengthens the body’s immune system.Involvement in the operation of the heart with the nervous system.Vitamins in the body act as a catalyst help to anabolic and transform food, creating energy that provides for the functioning of the body.Vitamins have the ability to protect cells from attacks of infectious agents thanks to the characteristics against oxidation, detoxing and repairing damaged structures.Involved in supporting the treatment of pathologies of the body, strengthening the body’s health.
What is Vitamin A?
Vitamin A (retinol), a fat-soluble vitamin, is involved in resistance. It is therefore also called the anti-infection vitamin. In addition, it plays a role in the growth, vision and health of skin and gums. Important sources for vitamin A are liver, fish and butter. Fruit and vegetables contain beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. In addition, vitamin A is added to margarine, halvarine and baking and roasting products also.
How much Vitamin A do I need?
Adult men need 800 micrograms of vitamin A a day. This is approximately equivalent to three slices of bread with liver pie. Women in this age group need 680 micrograms per day. The recommendation for vitamin A has been increased during pregnancy from 700 to 800 micrograms per day.
What is Vitamin B1?
It used to be thought that there was only one vitamin B. Later, vitamin B was found to consist of several separate vitamins. B vitamins are water-soluble vitamins. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is a water-soluble vitamin. Vitamin B1 cannot be stored in the body and is excreted through urine. Therefore, it must be replenished on a daily basis. There is a synergy between B vitamins – that is, it’s better to get all the B vitamins at once than to get them separately. Also, if the B 1, B 2, B 6 ingestion ratios are uneven, it is not effective (the ratios are as follows: B 1 50mg, B 2 50mg, B 6 50mg). Vitamin B1 benefits in digestion, improves mental condition, eliminates fatigue, maintains the normal activity of nerve tissue, muscle, heart, reduces motion sickness, seasickness, can alleviate the pain after dental surgery and improves memory.
How much Vitamin B do I need?
The amount of vitamin B1 depends on the amount of energy a person needs. Adults need 0.1 mg of vitamin B1 per megajoule per day. On average, a grown man with an inactive lifestyle needs about 11.5 megajoules per day of energy. This equates to 1.15 mg of vitamin B1 per day. Women need about 8.5 megajoules in an inactive lifestyle. This equates to 0.85 mg of vitamin B1 per day. For an adult male, this amount of vitamin B1 corresponds to a meal consisting of 4 scoops of potatoes, 4 vegetable spoonfuls of red cabbage and 100 grams of pork tenderloin chop.
What is Vitamin B2?
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is involved in cell growth and the repair and regeneration of skin mucosa cells. Lack of vitamin B2 often causes inflammation of the mucous membranes of the skin, such as mouth ulcers. Vitamin B2 benefits in development and cell regeneration, helps eliminate the inflammation of the mouth and tongue, promotes the normal growth of hair and nails, improves vision and reduces eye fatigue. Important sources of vitamin B2 are dairy, meat(s), vegetables, fruits and cereals.
How much Vitamin B2 do I need?
The Health Council has set the recommended daily amount of vitamin B2 for adults at 1.6 milligrams. This corresponds to 4 glasses of milk.
What is Vitamin B3?
Vitamin B3 is part of the vitamin B complex. Vitamin B3 comes in three forms: nicotinamide (niacinamide), niacin (nicotinic acid), and nicotinamide riboside. In any form, vitamin B3 is a precursor to niacinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which plays a vital role in helping mitochondria (the cell’s power plant) produce energy. If there are sufficient levels of tryptophan in the body (which is also required to produce serotonin, the chemical that regulates mood), niacin can be produced in the body. Niacin is also water-soluble, so if too many vitamins are present, it is excreted through urine.Vitamin B3 is common in various foods: meat and fish, poultry, nuts, seeds and cereal products. In addition, the body can make vitamin B3 partly from the amino acid tryptophan (building block of proteins). Protein-rich products like dairy and eggs also contribute to the production of niacin which is done through the conversion of tryptophan.
How much Vitamin B3 do I need?
The amount of vitamin B3 depends on the amount of energy a person needs. Adults need 1.6 mg of vitamin B3 per megajoule per day. On average, a grown man with an inactive lifestyle needs about 11.5 megajoules per day of energy. This corresponds to 18 mg of vitamin B3 per day. Women need about 8.5 megajoules in an inactive lifestyle. This corresponds to 14 mg of vitamin B3 per day.
What is Vitamin B5?
Vitamin B5 is a water-soluble vitamin found in plant and animal foods such as eggs, meat, vegetables, legumes, grains and milk. It is one of the B vitamins that regulate a variety of physiological processes in the body. Your body needs vitamin B5. It helps keep the liver and nervous system functioning properly. It helps keep the digestive tract working properly. Red blood cells (red blood cells) are produced to provide oxygen to the entire body. It helps to maintain healthy skin, eyes and hair.You can easily maintain your vitamin B5 supply through a balanced diet, including Fish and seafood (e.g. salmon and lobster), Meat (e.g. beef, chicken and turkey), Dairy products (e.g. yogurt, milk and dairy products) beans (e.g. soy and peas), Cereals (especially whole grains), Vegetables (e.g. broccoli, avocados, broccoli, cabbage, tomatoes, corn and sweet potatoes)
How much Vitamin B5 do I need?
For vitamin B5, no Recommended Daily Amount (RDA) has been established. If no RDA can be determined, an Adequate Intake (AI) is estimated. The Adequate Intake (AI) vitamin B5 for adult men and women is set at 5 milligrams.
What is Vitamin B6?
Vitamin B 6 is a water-soluble vitamin that is excreted within 8 hours of digestion, so food or nutritional supplements are needed to supplement it. In fact, vitamin B 6 is made up of several substances that are essential for the manufacture of antibodies and red blood cells, increasing their intake of high-protein foods. Because the bacteria in the intestines have the ability to synthesize B 6, it is necessary to eat more vegetables. In addition, B 6 is essential for digestion of vitamin B 12, and B 6 is essential for the manufacture of hydrochloric acid and magnesium. Good sources of vitamin B6 are green leafy vegetables, beer, wheat bran, malt, liver, soy, kale, brown rice, eggs, oats, peanuts, walnuts and so on.
How much Vitamin B6 do I need?
The recommended daily amount of vitamin B6 is for adult men and women (19-50 years) set at 1.5 milligrams. This corresponds to six slices of wholemeal bread. For adult men over 50 years of age, the recommendation is 1.8 milligrams per day.
What is Vitamin B8?
Vitamin B8 (biotin) is part of the vitamin B complex. Vitamin B8 is widely spread in animal and plant tissues. It binds to a lysine residue at the active part of the enzyme protein to produce L-lysine, also known as biocytosin. Vitamin B8 (biotin) plays an important role in the build-up and breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins and the production of fatty acids. It contributes to the supply of energy. In addition, vitamin B8 is important for a functioning nervous system, for healthy hair and healthy skin. Vitamin B8 is common in many different foods, including eggs, milk, soy products, nuts and peanuts.
How much Vitamin B8 do I need?
For vitamin B8, no Recommended Daily Amount (RDA) has been established. If no RDA can be determined, an Adequate Intake (AI) is estimated. For biotin, only an adequate intake (AI) of 4 micrograms per day for the 0 to 5-month age group has been established by the Health Council. For adults, the adequate intake is 40 micrograms per day.
What is Vitamin B11?
Folic acid (vitamin B11) is part of the vitamin B complex. Folic acid is important for a functioning nervous system and immune system. Folic acid also plays an important role in the formation of red blood cells, the hereditary material (DNA) and healthy growth during pregnancy. It is also very important in the division of the cells during growth: folic acid reduces the chance of the birth of a child with an open back. In addition, folic acid lowers the homocysteine level of the blood. Folic acid is found in green vegetables, fruits, whole grain products and to a lesser extent in milk and milk products.
How much Vitamin B11 do I need?
The recommended daily amount of folic acid is set at 300 micrograms for adult men and women. Women who want to become pregnant or are pregnant are advised to take a supplement (with 400 micrograms of folic acid) in addition to their daily diet from four weeks to eight weeks after conception. This reduces the chance of the birth of a child with an open back.
What is Vitamin B12?
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is part of the vitamin B complex. Vitamin B12 is the only vitamin containing trace element in the vitamin B group. Humans need the least amount of vitamin B12, but B12 plays a very important role in human cell birth, blood cell formation, epithelial cell renewal and is therefore indispensable. Vitamin B12 prevents anaemia. It is also important for good resistance. In addition, it plays a role in the formation of healthy red blood cells, ensures the proper functioning of the nervous system and contributes to the energy supply. Furthermore, it plays a role in the metabolism of folic acid. Vitamin B12 is only found in foods of animal origin, such as meat and dairy.
How much Vitamin B12 do I need?
The Health Council has set the recommended daily amount of vitamin B12 for adults at 2.8 micrograms per day.
What is Vitamin C?
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is an essential nutrient for humans. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), a water-soluble vitamin, is primarily important for good resistance. In addition, it provides healthy bones, teeth, skin and blood vessels. It ensures a functioning nervous system and contributes to the energy supply. Vitamin C is also an antioxidant and protects the body from free radicals together with vitamin E. Free radicals play a role in ageing processes. Vitamin C also promotes the absorption of iron. Vitamin C is usually found only in plant-based foods, and animal foods are basically vitamin C-free, with a variety of fresh vegetables and fruits as her main source.The best food sources include: pears, fresh dates, kiwis, chilli peppers, bitter melons, citrus, tomatoes, cauliflower, strawberries, lychee, green leafy vegetables, etc.
How much Vitamin C do I need?
Adults need 75 milligrams of vitamin C per day.
What are the signs of vitamin C deficiency in the body?
Constant feeling of tirednessEasily get infectionsLack of appetiteArthritisDry skin
What is Vitamin D?
Vitamin D is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight. In fact, for people living in mild climates, their hands and faces can provide them with enough vitamin D with exposure to sun in just 20-30 minutes a day, 2-3 times a week. But with the widespread use of sunscreen and the short winter sunshine times, many people who live in cold or cloudy climates throughout the year and those with darker skin colours may find it difficult to get the right amount of vitamin D. vitamin D is the key to achieving an ideal health condition. It helps the body absorb calcium from the intestines and promotes bone creation and remodelling bones. Without vitamin D, bones become thinner and brittle, while adequate vitamin D helps prevent rickets, bone softening and osteoporosis. Vitamin D not only helps maintain the ideal bone health, but also helps keep the heart, blood sugar levels and mind in good shape. Some studies have shown that vitamin D may help lower blood pressure, while others have shown that it may help reduce insulin resistance. Some studies have shown that vitamin D may help lower blood pressure, while others have shown that it may help reduce insulin resistance.Fortunately, foods such as oily fish and fish liver oil also contain vitamin D, as do egg yolks, sardines and mushrooms, but they are less abundant. 5 If you can’t keep eating these foods and most days without sunlight, you can eat fortified foods (e.g. fortified milk, yogurt, soy milk and orange juice) and/or dietary supplements.
How much vitamin D do I need?
For vitamin D, no Recommended Daily Amount (RDA) has been established for adults up to 70 years of age. If no RDA can be determined, an Adequate Intake (AI) is estimated. For vitamin D, adequate intake (AI) has been established of 10 micrograms per day for men and women up to 70 years. For adults over 70 years, the recommended daily amount is 20 micrograms per day.With insufficient sunlight exposure and in women over 50 years of age, men over 70 years of age and in people with dark or tinted skin, insufficient vitamin D is produced in the skin. This lower production cannot be fully compensated for with a healthy diet. Therefore, it is necessary to take extra vitamin D.
What is Vitamin E?
Vitamin E (tocopherol), a fat-soluble vitamin, plays a role in the production of red blood cells and the maintaining of muscle and other tissues. Also, it is important for the resistance. Vitamin E is an antioxidant: it protects the cells in the body from free radicals. Vitamin E is found in vegetable oils and in vegetable products such as cereals, nuts, seeds, vegetables and fruits. Animal products contain relatively little vitamin E.The vitamin you may first think of when it comes to keeping your heart healthy is not vitamin E, but it’s important for the cardiovascular system to perform optimally. Vitamin E has eight forms, including alpha-procopsinol, which is considered the only form that can meet the nutritional needs of humans. It acts as an antioxidant that protects cells, tissues and organs from free radical damage. Free radicals promote ageing and can lead to a variety of health problems such as heart disease, cancer and inflammation.If your diet is not a balanced diet rich in milk, eggs, nuts, whole grains, spinach, and avocados, you may not be able to reach the recommended level of vitamin E.
How much Vitamin E do I need?
The recommended intake of vitamin E for adults is 15 mg per day.